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Glyoxylic acid monohydrate

CAS Number
563-96-2
EC Number
679-230-4
Chemical Formula
C2H4O4
Molecular Weight
92.05 g/mol

Description

Glyoxylic acid monohydrate (CAS 563-96-2 ), also known as formylformic acid, is a bifunctional organic acid used across pharmaceutical synthesis, cosmetic formulation, and specialty chemical manufacturing. Its dual aldehyde-acid reactivity makes it a valued building block and intermediate where controlled reactivity under mild conditions is required for complex chemical reactions. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, it serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of active ingredients, including amino acids such as D,L-mandelic acid and vanillin precursors. Hair care formulators use it as the active agent in keratin-based straightening treatments, where it crosslinks hair proteins under heat to reshape fiber structure safely. This material serves as a direct replacement for formaldehyde in professional salon products. In textile and paper processing, it functions as a fixative and crosslinking agent. It improves dimensional stability and wet strength for cellulose-based substrates. Water treatment applications rely on its chelating capacity to sequester metal ions effectively. Glyoxylic acid monohydrate is commercially available as an aqueous solution, most commonly at 50% concentration. Technical and industrial grades are standard across the market. Pharmaceutical-grade material is available for regulated synthesis applications. Packaging ranges from drums to IBC containers depending on specific volume requirements. Contact us for supply of Glyoxylic acid monohydrate Request Quote

Other Names (Synonyms)

Oxoethanoic acid | Formylformic acid | Dihydroxyacetic acid | Acetic acid, 2,2-dihydroxy- | Acetic acid, dihydroxy- | 2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid | Acetic acid, oxo-, monohydrate | Glyoxylic acid hydrate

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
  • Global Logistics Network enabled

Physical Properties

Melting Point98 °C
Boiling Point129-130 °C
Density1.70 g/cm³
Flash Point>230 °F
Appearancewhite to light yellow crystalline powder or chunks
ColorWhite to light yellow
FormLiquid
Water SolubilityFreely soluble
Refractive Indexn 20/D 1.414

Safety & Handling

Danger
GHS05· CorrosiveGHS07· Irritant

Hazard Statements

H314
H314
H317
H317
H318H318

Precautionary Statements

P260
P260
P261
P261
P264
P264
P272
P272
P280
P280
P316
P316
P317
P317
P321
P321
P363
P363
P405
P405
P501
P501
P265
P265
P352
P352
P340
P340
P317
P317
P364
P364
P331
P331
P354
P354
P338

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code29183000
UN Number3265
ADR Class8
Packing GroupII
Storage Class8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
WGK (Germany)1