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Methyl formate

CAS Number
107-31-3
EC Number
203-481-7
Chemical Formula
C2H4O2
Molecular Weight
60.05 g/mol

Description

Methyl formate (CAS 107-31-3 ), also known as R-611, is a fast-evaporating ester solvent used across pharmaceutical synthesis, fumigation, and flavoring applications. Its high solvency power and reactivity as a formylating agent make it a practical choice for both process chemistry and specialty formulations. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, methyl formate functions as a reaction solvent and intermediate in the synthesis of formic acid, formamide derivatives, and active pharmaceutical ingredients. As a fumigant and grain preservative, it offers broad-spectrum biocidal activity. It is effective against insects and molds in stored commodities, with a low residue profile that supports food safety compliance. Flavor chemists use it as a fruity top-note ingredient in food and beverage formulations, where its low use levels deliver high olfactory impact. In industrial foam production, it serves as a blowing agent alternative under the R-611 designation, replacing more regulated halocarbons in polyurethane systems. This versatility makes it a staple in modern chemical manufacturing and agricultural preservation. Methyl formate is supplied as a clear liquid in drums, IBCs, and bulk tanker quantities. Technical grade is the standard for industrial and fumigation use, while higher-purity grades are available to meet pharmaceutical and food-grade processing requirements. These high-purity options often align with international quality standards such as FCC , USP , Ph.Eur. , BP , EP , or ACS depending on the specific application. Buyers should confirm purity specifications and packaging options directly with suppliers. Grade designations vary by regional market, so technical data sheets should be reviewed for compliance. Proper handling and storage are essential due to the high volatility and flammability of this ester solvent in industrial environments. Contact us for supply of Methyl formate Request Quote

Other Names (Synonyms)

R-611 | methyl methanoate | methyl ester of formic acid | methanoic acid methyl ester | HCOOCH3 | HCO2CH3 | formic acid methyl ester | Formiate de methyle

Key Technical Features

  • High Purity Grade standard
  • Consistent Batch Quality
  • Full Regulatory & REACH Support
  • Global Logistics Network enabled

Physical Properties

Melting Point-99.8 °C
Boiling Point31.5 °C
Density0.987 g/cm³ @ Temp: 15 °C
Flash Point−16 °F
AppearanceMethyl formate is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
ColorClear colorless
OdorPleasant
agreeable.
FormLiquid
Water Solubility300 G/L (20 ºC)
Vapor Pressure32.91 psi ( 55 °C)
Refractive Indexn 20/D 1.343(lit.)
pH4-5 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Log P-0.21 at 25℃

Safety & Handling

Danger
GHS02· FlammableGHS07· IrritantGHS06· ToxicGHS08· Health Hazard

Hazard Statements

H224Extremely flammable liquid and vapor
H301Toxic if swallowed
H302Harmful if swallowed
H311Toxic in contact with skin
H315Causes skin irritation
H316Causes mild skin irritation
H319Causes serious eye irritation
H331Toxic if inhaled
H332Harmful if inhaled
H335May cause respiratory irritation
H336May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H370Causes damage to organs
H371May cause damage to organs
H373May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H301+H311+
H331Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled

Precautionary Statements

P210Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P233Keep container tightly closed.
P240Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
P241Use explosion-proof equipment.
P242Use non-sparking tools.
P243Take action to prevent static discharges.
P260Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P264Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P270Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P280Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
P317Get emergency medical help.
P319Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P321Specific treatment (see … on this label).
P330Rinse mouth.
P405Store locked up.
P501Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local regulations.
P265Wash … thoroughly after handling.
P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
P317Get emergency medical help.
P352IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
P340IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P316Get emergency medical help immediately.
P317Get emergency medical help.
P317If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. Get emergency medical help.
P364Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P364Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P378Use … for extinction.
P233Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P235Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P353IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
P338IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

Trade & Regulatory

HS Code2915 13 00
UN Number1243
ADR Class3
Packing GroupI
Storage Class3 - Flammable liquids
WGK (Germany)1